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Planting CalendarSeed Starting Schedule

Vegetable Planting Calendar by Zone

A complete 2026 guide showing exactly when to plant 40+ vegetables based on your USDA hardiness zone and last frost date.

Published April 19, 2025 · Updated for 2026 Season

What Is a Vegetable Planting Calendar?

A vegetable planting calendar is a scheduling tool that tells you the precise dates to start seeds, direct sow outdoors, and transplant seedlings into your garden. Instead of guessing, you work backward from your area's average last spring frost date to calculate when each crop needs to go into the ground — or into a seed tray indoors.

The key variable is your USDA Plant Hardiness Zone — a map system that divides the US into 17 climate zones (3a through 11) based on average winter minimum temperatures. Your zone determines your last frost date, which anchors every date in your planting calendar.

Quick Start: Enter your ZIP code in our planting calculator to instantly get a personalized 2026 schedule for 40+ crops.

Planting Calendar by Zone — Overview

The table below shows a summary of planting windows for each major zone group. For full crop-specific dates, use the calculator at the bottom of this page.

ZoneLast FrostSeason
4a–4bMay 1137–151 days
5a–5bApr 7–15175–191 days
6a–6bMar 22–30209–224 days
7a–7bMar 5–15245–265 days
8a–8bFeb 10–20283–303 days
9a–9bJan 20–30319–334 days

Indoor Start vs. Direct Sow — Which Crops Need What?

Not every vegetable needs to be started indoors. Understanding this is the single most important thing for a new vegetable gardener.

🌱 Start Indoors

These crops need a long head start before the last frost:

  • Tomato — 7 weeks before last frost
  • Pepper — 9 weeks before last frost
  • Eggplant — 9 weeks before last frost
  • Onion — 10 weeks before last frost
  • Broccoli — 7 weeks before last frost
  • Cabbage — 7 weeks before last frost

🌾 Direct Sow Outdoors

These crops dislike transplanting — sow directly:

  • Carrot — 3 weeks before last frost
  • Pea — 4 weeks before last frost
  • Spinach — 5 weeks before last frost
  • Bush Bean — 2 weeks after last frost
  • Sweet Corn — 2 weeks after last frost
  • Radish — 4 weeks before last frost

Get Your Exact Dates — Free Calculator

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a vegetable planting calendar?
A vegetable planting calendar tells you exactly when to start seeds indoors, when to direct sow outdoors, and when to transplant seedlings based on your USDA hardiness zone and average last frost date.
When should I plant vegetables by zone?
It depends on your USDA zone. Zone 5 gardeners typically start seeds indoors in February–March and transplant in May. Zone 7 gardeners can start earlier, in January–February, and transplant in March–April.
What vegetables can be planted in all zones?
Kale, lettuce, spinach, and radishes can be grown in all USDA zones 3–11, though the timing varies. Cool-season crops are planted in spring in colder zones and in fall/winter in warmer zones.